China Petroleum Logging Company (hereinafter referred to as "CP Logging") has successfully developed the country's first small-diameter instrument capable of withstanding 230°C/170 MPa. The main technical indicators of this equipment are at an internationally advanced level, effectively meeting the logging requirements for ultra-high temperature, ultra-high pressure wells, and ultra-deep horizontal wells. This breakthrough provides strong equipment support for domestic ultra-deep oil and gas exploration and development, as well as competition in overseas markets. On May 18, CP Logging received good news: the company successfully completed the logging mission for Well Qian-Tan 1 in Dagang Oilfield using its self-developed 230°C/170 MPa small-diameter logging equipment series. This achievement set a new CPLog logging equipment record with a highest operating temperature of 213°C. The interpretation and evaluation data provided, as well as the oil testing recommendations, were adopted by the client.
As oil exploration and development deepen, deep and ultra-deep oil and gas resources have become the main source of growth in proven oil and gas reserves. The demand for logging in deep and ultra-deep wells has posed new challenges for logging technology in high-temperature and high-pressure environments, requiring smaller outer diameters and higher temperature and pressure resistance for logging instruments. CP Logging actively responds to the new demands for logging instruments brought by the continued rise in deep oil and gas exploration and the new fields of drilling engineering technology. Relying on China Petroleum's logging technology testing base, and after more than four years of research and development, the company completed 483 electromechanical drawings, 49 software modules, over 150,000 lines of software code, and 94 tests and trials. In 2021, CP Logging successfully developed the 230°C/170 MPa high-temperature, high-pressure CPLog logging series, which includes seven types of logging instrument prototypes: telemetry gamma, borehole deviation, compensated neutron, lithology density, compensated sonic, array induction, and array lateral. Currently, the development of high-temperature, high-pressure small-diameter array sonic and micro-resistivity imaging instruments is underway.
As a key scientific and technological project during China's 13th Five-Year Plan, CP Logging has made breakthroughs in four major technical bottlenecks based on conventional instruments: "MCM-based highly integrated high-temperature circuits, high-temperature pressure-resistant mechanical structures and processes, small-diameter array detector structures, and complex wellbore environment calibration and processing." These advancements address the challenges of ultra-high temperature and high-pressure adaptability, as well as calibration in inclined and horizontal well environments. The system integration has been greatly improved, and the instrument's reliability and stability have been enhanced. The temperature and pressure resistance of the instruments can reach 232°C and 172 MPa, respectively. CP Logging has also developed supporting data collection and processing software modules, as well as related tools and auxiliary measurement instruments, which can identify formation lithology, effectively delineate reservoirs, and accurately calculate reservoir parameters such as porosity, permeability, and saturation. These innovations meet the logging requirements for complex well conditions such as ultra-deep wells, horizontal wells, and side-tracked wells.
During the research and development process, CP Logging created an array induction horizontal well calibration method based on a database and multi-dimensional linear interpolation for rapid forward modeling. This breakthrough overcame the application bottleneck of small-diameter array induction in horizontal wells. This functionality is not available in foreign logging instruments.
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The series of instruments has undergone high-temperature and high-pressure testing. To improve the conversion rate of scientific research achievements, CP Logging accelerated the performance and regional adaptability verification of this instrument series. Logging tests were completed in seven wells, including Lunde 2 well and Ren 91 well in the Tarim Oilfield, verifying the system's reliability, stability, and adaptability to wellbore and geological conditions. In the Jilin Oilfield, logging was performed using a sonic lateral array tool in the Changshen 43 well, with a bottom-hole temperature of 182°C, and the service capability was preliminarily established. To meet the production needs of side-tracked wells in the Changqing Oilfield, CP Logging developed a 175°C/140 MPa small-diameter logging series by removing the insulating bottle from the ultra-high temperature and high-pressure small-diameter tool. Over 20 sets of this tool have now been applied in the Changqing Oilfield, becoming a powerful tool for oil and gas identification in side-tracked wells.
Currently, more than 40% of China's remaining oil and gas resources are distributed in deep formations below 5,000 meters. Oil and gas exploration in deep and ultra-deep formations holds significant development potential for the future. CP Logging's self-developed 230°C/170 MPa high-temperature and high-pressure logging series can fully meet the logging needs of domestic deep and ultra-deep wells, completely replacing imported similar equipment, significantly saving on import costs, and offering vast market potential and sustainable application prospects.
